Table 2. Summary of Included Studies

First Author (Year) C* & T Samples Treatment Methods Treatment Period Outcome Measurement Result & P value Adverse events
He15) (2017) C : 42 1. Omeprazole 1. 8 weeks2. 8 weeks 1. TER2. Time to symptom relief ① Pharyngeal foreign body sensation ② Repeated throat clearing ③ Chronic cough 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 85.7% T : 97.6%2. T<C(p<0.05) ① C : 2.4±0.8d  T : 1.7±0.6d ② C : 3.9±1.1d  T : 1.8±0.7d ③ C : 3.2±0.8d  T : 1.6±0.5d NR§
T : 42 1. Omeprazole2. BanhahubakIin-tang
Yao16) (2018) C : 56 1. Omeprazole2. Domperidone 1. 4 weeks2. 4 weeks 1. TER 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 73.21% T : 96.43% NR
T : 56 1. Omeprazole2. Domperidone3. Banhahubak-tang
Jiang17) (2018) C : 40 1. Omeprazole 1. 2 months2. 2 months 1. TER2. RSI3. RFS 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 67.5% T : 87.5%2. T<C(p<0.05) C : 12.8±2.3 T : 9.2±1.23. T<C(p<0.05) C : 6.8±1.4 T : 5.3±1.1 NR
T : 40 1. Omeprazole2. Banhahubak-tang-gagam
Yan18) (2018) C : 70 1. Omeprazole 1. 2 months2. 2 months 1. TER2. RSI3. RFS 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 67.1% T : 88.6%2. T<C(p<0.05) C : 16.8±3.7 → 12.7±2.2 T : 16.2±4.8 → 9.1±1.13. T<C(p<0.05) C : 9.8±2.7 → 6.7±1.3 T : 9.5±2.8 → 5.2±1.0 NR
T : 70 1. Omeprazole2. Banhahubak-tang-gagam
Yao19) (2019) C : 40 1. Omeprazole 1. 2 months2. 2 months 1. TER2. RSI3. RFS4. Recurrence rate 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 75.0% T : 97.5%2. T<C(p<0.05) C : 17.26±4.48 → 12.03±1.37 T : 17.25±4.51 → 8.10±1.343. T<C(p<0.05) C : 9.69±2.62 → 7.11±1.28 T : 9.71±2.64 → 5.14±1.064. T<C(p<0.05) C : 8(20.0%) T : 1(2.5%) C : 3(7.5%)T : 2(5.0%)
T : 40 1. Omeprazole2. Banhahubak-tang-gagam
Zhang20) (2019) C : 34 1. Rabeprazole2. Mosapride 1. 4 weeks2. 4 weeks3. 4 weeks 1. TER2. RSI3. RFS4. TCM** syndrome score 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 64.71% T : 85.71%2. T<C(p<0.05) C : 17.24±2.15 → 15.29±3.30 T : 18.21±2.58 → 13.69±2.623. T>C(p>0.05) C : 10.32±2.03 → 9.24±2.70 T : 10.43±2.30 → 9.29±3.094. T<C(p<0.05) C : 22.85±7.05 → 17.23±9.11 T : 23.03±7.85 → 15.46±8.21 C : 1T : 0
T : 42 1. Rabeprazole2. Mosapride3. Banhahubak-tang-gagam
He21) (2021) C : 28 1. Rabeprazole2. Esomeprazole IV 1. 4 weeks2. 4 weeks3. 4 weeks 1. TER2. TCM syndrome score3. Time to symptom relief 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 78.57% T : 100%2. T<C(p<0.05) C : 24.34±1.12 T : 19.45±1.153. T<C(p<0.05) C : 3.87±0.33d T : 2.01±0.29d C : 0T : 0
T : 28 1. Rabeprazole2. Esomeprazole IV3. Banhahubak-tang
Hu22) (2022) C : 34 1. Lansoprazole 1. 8 weeks2. 8 weeks 1. TER2. RSI3. RFS4. VAS 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 82.35% T : 87.88%2. T<C(p<0.05) C : 23.09±2.37 → 15.91±2.91 T : 23.24±2.02 → 12.82±2.423. T<C(p>0.05) C : 13.71±7.20 → 6.94±2.22 T : 13.61±2.50 → 4.58±2.024. T<C(p<0.05) C : 7.71±1.14 → 4.00±1.21 T : 7.64±1.64 → 2.09±0.98 C : 13(38.24%)T : 5(15.15%)
T : 33 1. Lansoprazole2. Banhahubak-tang-gagam
Ji23) (2023) C : 50 1. Omeprazole 1. 2 months2. 2 months 1. TER2. RSI3. RFS4. Longest reflux time ① Upright ② Supine 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 76.00% T : 96.00%2. T<C(p<0.05) C : 16.02±2.48 → 11.77±1.43 T : 15.97±2.53 → 8.85±1.503. T<C(p<0.05) C : 9.60±1.88 → 6.79±1.25 T : 9.59±1.94 → 5.28±1.334. T<C(p<0.05) ① C : 14.33±4.73 → 4.81±1.01 min  T : 14.62±4.81 → 2.72±0.31 min ② C : 8.41±2.39 → 3.34±0.59 min  T : 7.98±2.91 → 2.21±0.52 min C : 8(16.00%)T : 2(4.00%)
T : 50 1. Omeprazole2. Banhahubak-tang-gagam
Sun24) (2024) C : 39 1. Omeprazole 1. 2 months2. 2 months 1. TER2. TCM symptom score ① Pharyngeal itching ② Pharyngeal dryness ③ Pharyngeal foreign body sensation ④ Pharyngalgia ⑤ Mucosal congestion 1. T>C(p<0.05) C : 82.05% T : 97.44%2. T<C(p<0.05) ① C : 1.60±0.51  T : 1.27±0.36 ② C : 1.59±0.70  T : 1.08±0.67 ③ C : 1.49±0.83  T : 0.83±0.42 ④ C : 1.84±0.55  T : 1.04±0.67 ⑤ C : 2.04±0.53  T : 1.70±0.59 C : 8(20.51%)T : 2(5.13%)
T : 39 1. Omeprazole2. Banhahubak-tang-gami
C : Control,
T : Treatment,
TER : Total Effective Rate,
NR : Not Reported,
RSI : Reflux Symptom Index,
RFS : Reflux Finding Score,
TCM : Traditional Chinese Medicine,
VAS : Visual Analogue Scale