| Kim SY (2019)9) | *A-tx, Moxibustion, Steam therapy, †H-med, ‣‣W-med (Oxicam,peripheral vasodilators), ***EA-tx | 0.20 ㎜×30 ㎜ | 20 minutes | admitted 17 days 2 times per day | §§PTA: improved from 57.5 ㏈ to 22.5 ㏈.Dizziness and headache resolved, Tinnitus reduced by 80% |
| admitted 8 days 2 times per day | PTA: improved from 75 ㏈ to 25 ㏈.Tinnitus reduced by 90%, Earfullness resolved. |
| admitted 18 days 2 times per day | PTA: improved from 75 ㏈ to 20 ㏈.Tinnitus resolved, earfullness improved by 90%, Fatigue improved by 40%. |
| Kang YJ (2021)10) | A-Tx, Moxibustion, H-med | 0.30 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 10 minutes | 60 days 1-2 times per week | PTA: improved from 50 ㏈ to 12.5 ㏈.¶¶THI score: improved from 40 to 0, §§§SRT: improved from no response to 8 ㏈, ¶¶¶WRS: improved from 18% to 84%, †††MCL: decreased from 82 ㏈ to 48 ㏈. |
| Lee JW (2022)11) | A-Tx, Moxibustion, Dry cupping, §PA-Tx, ††Laser-Tx, W-med (peripheral vasodilators, corticosteroids) | 0.25 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 15 minutes | 8 days | PTA: improved from 16 ㏈ to 15 ㏈.250 ㎐ threshold improved from 30 ㏈ to 15 ㏈.**DPOAE: increased from 14.7 to 16.5 ㏈ SPL WRS: improved from 96% to 100%. Tinnitus, autophony, and earfullness resolved. |
| 28 days | PTA: improved from 64 ㏈ to 18 ㏈.DPOAE: decreased from 3 ㏈ to –24 ㏈ SPL WRS: improved from 44% to 92%.Tinnitus and earfullness almost resolved. |
| 38 days | PTA: improved from 33 ㏈ to 17 ㏈.DPOAE: increased from 7.1 ㏈ to 11.9 ㏈ SPL WRS: improved from 88% to 92%. |
| Park SY (2022)12) | A-Tx, EA-Tx, PA-Tx, Hearing rehabilitation Chuna therapy | 0.30 ㎜×60 ㎜0.20 ㎜×30 ㎜ | 15 minutes | 20 weeks2 times per week | PTA(Left): improved from 35.83 ㏈ to 14.17 ㏈.PTA(Right): improved from 31.67 ㏈ to 10 ㏈ |
| Seo JI (2022)13) | A-Tx, H-med, Moxibustion | 0.25 ㎜×30 ㎜ | 10 minutes | 2months1 time per week | PTA: improved from 97.5 ㏈ to 27.5 ㏈.WRS: improved from ‘no response’ to 92%.SRT: improved from ‘no response’ to 20 ㏈ THI score: improved from 46 to 12 |
| Choi JW (2023)14) | A-Tx, H-med, Chuna therapy, Acupotomy | 0.20 ㎜×30 ㎜ | 20 minutes | 10 weeks1 time per week | PTA: improved from 34 ㏈ to 12 ㏈.SRT: improved from 40 ㏈ to 10 ㏈ ‡MML : improved from 49 ㏈ 29 ㏈ |
| Jung JW (2024)15) | A-Tx, Steam therapy, Moxibustion, EA-Tx | 0.20 ㎜×30 ㎜ | 15 minutes | 140 days | PTA: improved from 32.5 ㏈ to 20 ㏈.Tinnitus, earfullness resolved. |
| 97 days | PTA: improved from 37.5 ㏈ to 20 ㏈.Tinnitus, earfullness resolved. |
| Kim SJ (2024)16) | A-Tx, Acupotomy, H-med | 0.25 ㎜×30 ㎜ | 15 minutes | 4 weeks2 times per week | PTA: improved from 49.5 ㏈ to 12.8 ㏈ tinnitus, earfullness, autophony resolved.Hearing ‡‡NRS decreased from 10 to 1 tinnitus NRS decreased from 10 to 1 |
| Zhong Y (2018)17) | A-Tx, Moxibustion | 0.30 ㎜×25 ㎜ | 20 minutes | 12 times | Complete recovery of hearing |
| He J (2018)18) | A-Tx, Moxibustion | ‡‡‡N.R | N.R | 9 weeks2 times per week | PTA: improved from 81 ㏈ to 50 ㏈.Tinnitus partially improved. |
| Kim MH (2018)19) | A-Tx EA-Tx, ¶TENS, Moxibustion | 0.25 ㎜×30 ㎜ | 10 minutes | admitted 3 weeks, 2 times per day, 1 month outpatient treatment | PTA: improved from 66.3 ㏈ to 51.3 ㏈, SRT: improved from 70 ㏈ to 30 ㏈, WRS: improved from 16% to 36%. |
| Arpornchayanon W (2019)20) | A-Tx,EA-Tx | N.R | 20 minutes | 4 weeks, 3 times per week | PTA: 6000 ㎐ threshold improved from 55 ㏈ to 20 ㏈.Tinnitus resolved |
| 4 weeks,3 times per week | PTA: improved from 45 ㏈ to 18.75 ㏈, ‣PB score: improved from 88% to 100%.Tinnitus resolved |
| Chen A (2019)21) | A-Tx | 0.25 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 30 minutes | 4 days 4 times | PTA: improved from 33 ㏈ to Normal range. |
| You C (2019)22) | A-Tx, Dexamethasone injection at acupoints | 0.25 ㎜×40 ㎜ | N.R | 9 days 5 times | PTA: improved from 42 ㏈ to Normal range. |
| LI J (2021)23) | A-Tx | 0.25 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 30 minutes | 28 times | Discomfort resolved |
| Liu Y (2023)24) | A-Tx, EA-Tx, Moxibustion, H-med | 0.25 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 30 minutes | 3 weeks 8 times | PTA: improved from 18.6 ㏈ to 6.4 ㏈.(125 ㎐ threshold improved from 35 ㏈ to 15 ㏈.) (250 ㎐ threshold improved from 30 ㏈ to 10 ㏈.) tinnitus resolved |
| Wang X (2023)25) | A-Tx, Exercise therapy (diaphragmatic breathing, Valsalva maneuver, tympanic membrane massage, occipital tapping) | 0.25 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 48 hours (manipulated once every 24 hours) | 5 days 5 times | PTA: improved from 55 ㏈ to 15 ㏈.Tinnitus resolved |
| Zhang J (2024)26) | A-Tx | needle | Less than 1 minute | 4 weeks, 2 times per week | PTA: improved from 90 ㏈ to 63 ㏈.THI score: improved from 46 to 12 |
| Zhao F (2024)27) | A-Tx, Moxibustion | 0.20 ㎜×25 ㎜, 0.30 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 20 minutes | 2 weeks 3 times per week | Markedly improved |
| Zhang Q (2024)28) | A-Tx, Moxibustion | 0.30 ㎜×50 ㎜, 0.25 ㎜×40 ㎜ | 30 minutes | 22 days 18 times | PTA: improved from 80 ㏈ to 50 ㏈.Tinnitus markedly decreased |