| Tong14) (2022) | TMNMT(60)- Notch-filtered music was made automatically by the software based on the characteristics of patient’s tinnitus. | TRT(60)- Sound therapy + counselling (40-60 min/session)- Broad band nature sound : wind, rain, waves | - | - | - TMNMT : Comfortable loudness(75-80dB) | Mobile platform of music therapist software | 2 hrs/day daily for 3 months |
| - TRT : Mixing point |
| Jin9) (2022) | Sound therapy 1 hr/day(20) | Sound therapy 3 hrs/day(20) | Sound therapy 5 hrs/day(20) | - | Mixing point | APP | 1,3,5 hrs/day daily for 3 months |
| BBN(white noise, 100-22,050㎐) |
| Hall3) (2022) | ACRN(50)- ± Two tones of the matched tinnitus pitch. Tones were presented randomly at a cycle repitition rate of 1.5㎐. | Placebo(50)- Four tone stimulation included frequencies in 500-4000㎐ only at a cycle repetition rate of 0.3㎐, but the tinnitus frequency region was excluded. | - | - | Soft but audible listening level | T30 neuro-stimulator | 4-6 hrs/day daily for 12 weeks |
| Formby10) (2022) | TRT(51)- Sound therapy + counselling- BBN(continuous, low-level) | pTRT(51)- Placebo sound therapy + counselling- BBN below mixing point for the first 40 min of operation, after which the placebo out put began a gradual decay process to silence over the next 30 min of use. | SoC(49)- Counselling | - | Mixing point | Ear-worn SG | 18 months |
| Mondelli15) (2021) | White noise(9) | Pink noise(9) | Speech noise(9) | High tone(9) | Lowest intensity capable of promoting some tinnitus relief | Hearing aids with SG | 3 months |
| Li16) (2021) | Observational group(46)- Pure tone ST with 7 octaves (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8) | Control group(46)- Pure tone ST with 9 one-third octaves | - | - | Therapeutic sounds were heard while tinnitus was just absent. | NR | 30 min/session3 sessions/day 3 months |
| + Gaussian noise (noise at a frequency of tinnitus frequency ± 2Kz) + psychological intervention |
| Jin11) (2021) | Non-notched noise(14)- BBN(white noise, 100-22,050㎐) | Notched noise(16)- Notched BBN, applied a band-reject filter with an ½-octave bandwidth centered at the tinnitus frequency. | | | Mixing point | APP | 3 hrs/day daily for 12 months |
| Jeong19) (2020) | Air-conduction transducer(10) | Bone-conduction transducer(10) | - | - | Mixing point | Sound file stored on patient's phone | ≥ 3 hrs/day daily for 3 months |
| BBN(44,100㎐ ampling rate, 32bit) |
| Yoo (2020)18) | BBN(20) | Nature sound(20)- Running water | Music sound(18)- Vivaldi's 'The four seasons, spring' | - | Mixing point | APP | 3 hrs/day daily for 3 months |
| Jeong12) (2019) | TRT using Nature sounds(12)- Sound therapy + counselling(4 sessions)- Nature sound : Waves, water of stream | TRT using BBN(7)- Sound therapy + counselling(4 sessions) | | | Partial masking | Sound file stored on patient's phone | ≥ 3 hrs/day daily for 3 months |
| Scherer13) (2019) | TRT(51)- TC(counseling)+ ST(low-level BBN therapy using SG) | Partial TRT(51)- TC + placebo ST- Operation of SG during the first 40 min was identical, after which the placebo output was attenuated at a rate of 1dB per min | SoC(49)- Standard of care | | Just below the point at which the tinnitus and SG noise blended | SG | ≥ 8 hrs/day daily for 18 months |
| Munro20) (2019) | Binaural beats(10)- Lt.400㎐, Rt.408㎐ with a binaural beat frequency of 8㎐(alpha frequency) + overlay of ocean waves | Ocean waves without alpha frequency(8㎐)(10)- Same ocean waves but without the binaural beat source frequencies. | | | 20dB SL above their threshold | MP3 player | 10 min/session 1 session |
| Li17) (2019) | BBN(14)- Gaussian noise (noise at a frequency of tinnitus frequency ± 2Kz) | The mixed pure tones + BBN(14)- BBN + mixed pure tones of nine different frequencies | | | Total masking | Sound file stored on patient's phone | 30 min/session3 sessions/day3 months |
| Aydin21) (2019) | BBN(10) | Nature sound(11)- Self-selected nature sound (ocean waves, stream, rain or shower sounds) | | | Comfortable loudness | APP | 30 min/session1 session |