Table 6 Changes in the Secondary Outcomes

	PG(n=20, mean±SD)	CtrlG(n=20, mean±SD)	p-value*
IGA scores
Visit 1	1.6±0.50	1.6±0.50	1.000
Visit 2	0.7±0.48	0.7±0.48
Difference	0.9±0.30	0.9±0.30	1.000
p-value**	0.000***	0.000***
Pruritus VAS scores
Visit 1	3.9±1.87	3.9±1.80	0.968
Visit 2	0.8±1.34	1.2±1.54
Difference	3.2±0.96	2.7±1.31	0.242
p-value**	0.000***	0.000***
Dryness VAS scores
Visit 1	7.1±0.97	7.0±1.00	0.883
Visit 2	2.7±1.39	3.8±1.26
Difference	4.4±1.07	3.3±1.13	0.003***
p-value**	0.000***	0.000***
Skin hydration
Visit 1	24.3±5.04	24.8±4.13	0.565
Visit 2	49.9±8.76	38.0±6.86
Difference	-25.6±9.81	-13.2±7.94	0.000***
p-value**	0.000***	0.000***
TEWL(Unit : g/h/m2)
Visit 1	11.4±3.47	10.6±2.15	0.758
Visit 2	9.4±4.10	7.4±3.13
Difference	2.0±3.09	3.2±2.59	0.242
p-value**	0.002***	0.000***

Intergroup comparison
Intragroup comparison, and
p<0.05
BPG: combined treatment with a biodegradable hyaluronic acid microneedle patch and aroma cream, CtrlG: only aroma cream, SD: standard deviation, IGA: Investigator’s Global Assessment, VAS: visual analog scale, and TEWL: transepidermal water loss