| Vanzifehkah S16) (2016) | 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test(SNOT-22), CT scans based on Lund-Mackay scoring(LMs) | 1) SNOT-22 : improved after treatment in both groups, significantly better results in the study group (p=0.012) • study group vs control group : 20.80±16.24 vs 10.36±10.30 • SubscaleRhinological factors(blow nose, sneezing, runny nose, postnasal discharge, and thick nasal discharge) : 7.26±4.38 vs 4.09±3.22 (p=0.007)Ear and facial symptoms : 2.61±3.25 vs 1.09±2.13 (p=0.066)Sleep function : 2.19±2.49 vs 1.72±2.64 (p=0.534)Psychological issue : -0.07±5.92 vs -3.18±4.14 (p=0.534)2) CT scan based on LMs : improved after treatment in both groups (p<0.05), no significant difference between the two groups after treatment (p=0.067) • study group vs control group : 2.22±2.94 vs 0.76±1.39 | T>C | 1) Study groupincreased discharge (n=7)nausea (n=3)headache (n=1)2) Control groupnasal dryness (n=3)bloody discharge (n=1)hoarseness (n=1) |
| Chen XX17) (2011) | Symptoms and signs score, Effective rate, IL-4, IL-8, IgE, Nasal airway resistance (NAR) | 1) Effective rate : no statistical significance between the treatment group and the control group (markedly effective rate 61.40% vs 63.04%, total effective rate 87.72% vs 89.13%)2) Symptoms and signs integrals : improved after treatment in both groups (p<0.01), no significantdifference between the two groups after treatment (p>0.05) • Nasal congestion : 2.45±0.76 → 1.06±0.48 vs 2.24±0.83 → 1.21±0.54 • Sneezing : 2.16±0.88 → 1.13±0.81 vs 2.27±0.91 → 1.05±0.96 • Runny nose : 1.82±0.65 → 0.79±0.46 vs 1.90±0.72 → 0.84±0.53 • Itching : 1.74±0.80 → 0.52±0.37 vs 1.68±0.69 → 0.65±0.48 • Sign of nasal cavity : 2.12±0.91 → 1.26±0.60 vs 1.93±0.96 → 1.47±0.723) Serum levels of IL-4, IL-8, IgE, and NAR : significantly decreased after treatment in the two groups, showing statistical difference(p<0.01), no statistical difference between the two groups. (p>0.05) • IL-4 : 91.4±3.3 → 49.9±3.2 vs 92.2±1.3 → 46.6±4.5 • IL-8 : 245.55±25.23 → 159.39±54.381 vs 259.17±26.91 → 168.67±68.09 • IgE : 1437.62±284.16 → 1175.58±159.0 vs 1458.74±256.87 → 1218.05±164.27 • NAR : 0.598±0.123 → 0.365±0.083 vs 0.549±0.119 → 0.389±0.081 | T=C | Not mentioned |
| Wang SL18) (2015) | Urine leukotriene D4(uLTD4) concentration, Symptoms and signs score, Effective rate | 1) uLTD4 : Before treatment, after 3 weeks of treatment, and 4 weeks of follow-up, no statistically significant difference in both groups (p>0.05)2) Primary symptoms (such as sneezing, nasal itching, stuffy nose, watery secretions, and turbinate swelling) : improved after treatment in both groups. • After 3 weeks of treatment, no significant difference between the two groups. (p<0.05) • After 4 weeks of follow-up, compared to 3 weeks, watery secretions of treatment group, sneezing, nasal itching of control group increased (p=0.005, 0.002, 0.000<0.05) and turbinate swelling of treatment group decreased (p=0.000), the difference is statistically significant3) Secondary symptoms (such as shortness of breath, sweating, purple tongue, Thin and choppy pulse(Xi Se Mai)) • After 3 weeks of treatment, significantly improved in both groups, except sweating, purple tongue of study group and shortness of breath of control group; no significant difference between the two groups • After 4 weeks of follow-up, no statistically significance between the two groups4) Total effective rate : After 3 weeks of treatment, significantly better results in the control group than in the study group (p=0.003); After 4 weeks of follow-up, no statistical significance between the study group and the control group (p=0.610) • after 3 weeks of treatment : 80.0% vs 92.5% (p=0.003) • after 4 weeks of follow-up : 88% vs 85% (p=0.610) | T<C | 1) Treatment groupirritation of the throat (n=1)2) Control group : none |
| Yu MZ19) (2014) | Symptoms and signs score, Effective rate | 1) Total effective rate : no statistical significance between the study group and the control group • study group vs control group (90.00% vs 88.00%)2) Both treatments can effectively relief symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, stuffy nose, nasal itching, significantly improved better results in study groups (all P<0.05) | T>C | Not mentioned |
| Ye SZ20) (2011) | Effective rate | 1) Effective rate : significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p<0.01) • study group vs control group : 98% vs 76% | T>C | Not mentioned |
| Qi XY21) (2014) | Expression levels of CD34+ and EOS, Symptoms score, Effective rate | 1) Expression levels of CD34+ and EOS : significantly decreased after treatment in both groups • CD34+ : significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (p<0.05)- study group : 4.19±2.23 → 2.53±1.81- control group : 5.98±1.71 → 3.20±1.01 • EOS : no statistical significance between the study group and the control group (p>0.05)- study group : 5.93±1.65 → 3.14±1.23- control group : 5.55±1.86 → 3.52±1.162) Symptom scores : significantly improved symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, congestion, nasal itching in both groups (p<0.05). Xinyi nasal drops reduced congestion significantly more than control group(p<0.05) • sneezing : 1.18±0.83 → 0.45±0.55 vs 1.24±0.85 → 0.89±0.61 • runny nose : 1.39±1.05 → 0.74±0.72 vs 1.03±0.68 → 0.63±0.63 • congestion : 1.27±0.81 → 0.16±0.43 vs 1.11±0.86 → 0.79±0.66 • nasal itching : 0.97±0.64 → 0.55±0.5 vs 1.05±0.87 → 0.61±0.593) Total effective rate : no significance difference between the study group and the control group (p>0.05) • study group vs control group : 81.58% vs 76.32% | T=C | 1) Study groupnasal burning sensation(n=2),increased discharge (n=1)2) Control group : Not mentioned |
| Wang DH22) (2000) | Effective rate | 1) Markedly effective rate : significantly higher in the study group than in the control group • study group vs control group : 65% vs 40% (p<0.05)2) Total effective rate : significantly higher in the study group than in the control group • study group vs control group : 85% vs 63.33% (p<0.01) | T>C | 1) Study groupNasal pain (n=1)2) Control groupHeadache (n=3) |
| Zhao Y23) (2003) | Symptoms and signs score, Effective rate | 1) Effective rate : significantly better results in the study group, except effective rate (p<0.01) • complete cure rate : 20/80 vs 1/42 • markedly effective rate : 34/80 vs 6/42 • effective rate : 20/80 vs 20/422) Symptoms and signs score : significantly improved in study group after treatment (including sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion, turbinate swelling) (p<0.01) | T>C | No adverse effects |
| Huang ZY24) (2006) | Symptoms and signs score, Positive response of nasal provocation test, Effective rate | 1) Symptoms and signs scores : significantly better result in treatment group than in the control group after treatment (p<0.01) • 11.03±1.30 → 5.02±1.75 vs 11.94±1.36 → 7.24±1.802) Positive response of nasal provocation test : significant decreased in both groups after treatment (p<0.01), significantly better results in the study group (p<0.01) • study group vs control group : 67 → 8 vs 62 → 193) Effective rate : significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p<0.05) • study group vs control group : 92% vs 72% | T>C | Not mentioned |
| Huang RQ25) (2007) | Effective rate | 1) Effective rate : significantly better results in the study group than the control group (p<0.05) • study group vs control group : 89.41% vs 70.00% | T>C | Not mentioned |
| Zhao Y26) (2008) | Symptoms and signs score, Effective rate, Positive response of Skin prick test(SPT) and Nasal smear | 1) Effective rate : significantly better results in the study group, except effective rate (p<0.01) • complete cure rate : 26.7% vs 2.9% • markedly effective rate : 36.7% vs 14.3% • effective rate : 28.7% vs 47.6%2) Symptoms and signs score : After treatment, significantly improved in both group. Biyanqing nasal drop reduced sneezing and runny nose significantly more than control group (p<0.01)3) Positive response of SPT & nasal smear : significantly decreased in study group after treatment (p<0.01) • positive skin prick test : 140 → 33 vs 100 → 100 • positive nasal smear : 150 → 27 vs 105 → 105 | T>C | No adverse effects |
| Wu XL27) (2016) | Symptoms and signs score, Effective rate, Serum ECP levels | 1) Symptoms and signs score • No significant improvement in both groups after 7 days of treatment (p>0.05) • After 14 days of treatment, nasal itching of control group significantly improved- Nasal itching : 1.40±0.940 vs 0.80±0.768 (p=0.045) • After 21 days of treatment, primary symptoms and signs (such as nasal congestion, nasal itching, watery rhinitis and turbinate swelling) significantly improved in the control group (p=0.025, 0.023, 0.027, 0.016<0.05)- Nasal congestion : 2.10±0.641 → 1.50±0.889 vs 2.10±0.641 → 0.85±0.813- Nasal itching : 2.20±0.696 → 1.10±0.788 vs 2.15±0.933 → 0.55±0.686- Watery rhinitis : 1.80±0.696 → 1.20±0.768 vs 1.95±0.887 → 0.65±0.745- Turbinate swelling : 2.20±0.616 → 1.50±0.688 vs 1.95±0.934 → 0.95±0.605 • No statistical significance in secondary symptoms2) Total symptoms and signs score • Before & After 7 days of treatment, no significant difference in both groups • After 14 & 21 days of treatment, significantly improved in the control group (p=0.045, 0.001)- After 14 days : 12.80±3.172 → 9.50±3.236 vs 13.16±2.434 → 7.35±3.313- After 21 days : 12.80±3.172 → 8.25±2.731 vs 13.16±2.434 → 5.20±2.4193) Effective rate : significantly higher in the control group than in the study group • study group vs control group : 80.95% vs 95.45% (p=0.034)4) Serum ECP : significantly decreased after treatment in both group; No significant difference between the two groups • 17.61±16.398 → 15.18±13.608 vs 17.01±14.254 → 16.38±14.254 | T<C | No adverse effects |
| Weng KH28) (2016) | Serum TSLP, IL-13, IgE, Total symptom score(TSS), Visual analog scale(VAS) for general symptom, Allergic rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(ARQLQ) | 1) Serum levels of TSLP, IL-13, and IgE : significantly decreased after treatment in both group(p<0.01), no significant difference between the two groups after treatment (p=0.725, 0.783, 0.856 >0.05) • TSLP : 151.13±12.83 → 143.43±8.28 vs 159.65±24.42 → 141.35±24.94 • IL-13 : 177.00±112.25 → 114.63±67.93 vs 210.31±69.84 → 119.80±50.72 • IgE : 319.83±129.26 → 189.66±89.79 vs 281.69±111.68 → 184.86±79.772) TSS, ARQLQ : improved after treatment in both groups (p<0.01), no significant difference between the two groups after treatment • TSS : 16.50±3.687 → 10.23±3.463 vs 18.60±3.76 → 8.30±4.12 • ARQLQ : 2 → 1 vs 3→13) VAS : improved after treatment in both groups, significantly better results in the control group (7.55±1.05 → 2.74±0.68 vs 8.14±0.85 → 2.09±0.50, p<0.01) | T<C | Not mentioned |
| Li XW29) (2016) | Serum levels of FcεRI, IL-4, IgE, Total Symptom Score(TSS), Visual Analog Scale(VAS), Allergic rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(ARQLQ) | 1) Serum levels of FcεRI, IL-4 and IgE : significantly decreased after treatment in both group, no significant difference between the two groups after treatment (p>0.05) • FcεRI : 681.239±77.205 → 463.239±69.244 vs 693.966±82.413 → 410.129±60.841 • IL-4 : 163.793±21.822 → 106.807±16.124 vs 173.092±19.847 → 106.051±19.528 • IgE : 319.828±27.559 → 189.661±19.143 vs 281.693±24.972 → 184.862±17.8372) TSS : improved after treatment in both groups, no significant difference between the two groups after treatment (p>0.05) • TSS : 16.50±0.786 → 10.23±0.738 vs 18.60±0.841 → 8.30±0.9213) VAS : improved after treatment in both groups, significantly better results in the control group (p=0.001) • VAS : 7.545±0.224 → 2.741±0.146 vs 8.135±0.191 → 2.085±0.1114) ARQLQ : no significant difference in the group (p=0.265) | T<C | Not mentioned |
| Zeng MY30) (2012) | Effective rate | 1) Total effective rate : significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(p<0.05) • study group vs control group : 98% vs 76% | T>C | Not mentioned |
| Luo HY31) (2007) | Urine leukotriene E4(LTE4), Symptoms and signs score, Effective rate | 1) Urine LTE4: significantly reduced after treatment in both groups (p<0.01), no significance difference between the study group and the control group (p>0.05) • study group : 130.81±64.77 → 83.58±28.54 • control group : 132.51±64.60 → 75.75±27.122) Score of symptoms and signs : After 2 weeks treatment, there were no significance difference between the two groups (p>0.05); After 4 weeks treatment, the score of study group was obviously higher than control group (p<0.05)3) Effective rate : significantly higher than in the study group than in the control group (p<0.05) • study group vs control group : 93.33% vs 73.33% | T>C | Not mentioned |
| Liu CZ32) (2004) | IgE, IgG, IgA, Eosinophil, Effective rate | 1) IgE and eosinophil : After treatment, significantly improved in the study group; significant difference in study group compared with control group (p<0.01) • IgE : 699. 33±104. 27 → 592. 10±93. 86 vs 728.25±114.09 → 643.53±99.58 • Eosinophil levels : 4.17±1.25 → 1.35± 0.69 vs 4.31±1.40 → 3.05±1.082) IgG : significantly increased in both groups after treatment(p<0.05) • 1008.93±168.18 → 1291.78±183.54 vs 1081.53±171.39 → 1379.62±185.723) IgA : No significant difference in the study group and control group4) Effective rate : significantly better results in the study group (p<0.01) • study group vs control group : 97.86% vs 73.33% | T>C | Unknown group cough (n=unknown) |
| Wang TT33) (2013) | Effective rate | 1) Markedly effective rate : significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p<0.05) • study group vs control group : 48% vs 28%2) Effective rate : no statistical significance between the two groups • study group vs control group : 88.00% vs 80.00% | T=C | Not mentioned |
| Zheng J34) (2010) | Urine Leukotriene E4(LTE4), Effective rate | 1) Urine LTE4 : After 4 weeks of treatment, significantly decreased in both group(p<0.01), no significant difference between the study and control groups • 131.23±63.65 → 83.58±28.54 vs 132.42±64.13 → 75.75±27.122) Effective rate : After 2 weeks of treatment, no significant difference between the both groups(p>0.05), After 4 weeks of treatment, significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(p<0.05) • after 2 weeks of treatment : 96% vs 100% • after 4 weeks of treatment : 96% vs 70% | T>C | Not mentioned |